Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background & Objective: The pathophysiology, progression, and consequences of diabetes mellitus are significantly influenced by a complex set of metabolic alterations.. It has been discovered Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a significant risk factor. for NAFLD development on its own.Progranulin (PGRN) is one biomarker that shows promise for early diagnosis and treatment. These biomarkers highlight the need for more research since they can be used to understand insulin resistance (IR) and predict type 2 diabetes risk. The efficacy of PGRN as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of diabetes type 2 accompanied by non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) was assessed in the current study.
Methodology: From August to October 2024, 80 diabetes volunteers were split into two groups based on ultrasound diagnosis for a cace control study: There are two types of type 2 diabetes: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) without and with NAFLD. For comparison, 40 healthy controls made up a third group. Determine the body mass index (BMI). Using kits for the enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), serum samples were examined for insulin, progranulin (PGRN), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) was utilized to analyze the data using descriptive statistics.
Results: Significant variations between T2D subgroups were seen in the study, and T2D patients had considerably higher (PGRN) levels than NAFLD patients. This suggests that type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease may have an impact on the relationship between BMI andProgranulin levels. PGRN showed the greatest positive correlation with FBG and may has an impacter with insuiln.
Conclusions: Elevated levels of progranulin (PGRN), regardless of the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver, are proposed by the study as potential biomarkers for T2D diagnosis. a strong association between progranulin (PGRN), with insulin in non-alcoholic fatty liver T2D patients. In people with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of NAFLD was startlingly high.. High levels of FBG, insulin, Liver function (AST, ALT, ALP). BML has effect on the study. For the management of type 2 diabetes, these biomarkers may help in early diagnosis and disease monitoring. 
The following acronyms are used: FA fatty acid, ELISA enzyme linked immune sorbent assay, PGRN progranulin, and FBG fasting blood glucose picogram. The Social Sciences Statistical Package (SPSS) T2D Body mass index (BMI) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (NAFLD) Tyrosine kinase 2 (ERK) protein PTK2 in non-alcoholic fatty liver Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase